**I. Introduction to Cold Press Machine**
1. **Components of the Machine Tool**: Composed of a hydraulic system, electrical control system, platen balancing mechanism, platens, and the machine body. The machine body is welded from section bars and steel plates, featuring a compact structure and good strength.
1. **Hydraulic System**: Consists of a hydraulic cylinder, oil tank, oil pump, oil pump motor, control valve block, and pressure gauge. The oil tank contains oil, driven by the oil pump motor to operate the oil pump, delivering oil through the connecting pipes to the hydraulic cylinder for its operation. The overflow valve controls the pressure in the hydraulic system, acting as a safety valve to prevent overloading. The one-way throttle valve can create back pressure during the pressing process for stabilization. The solenoid ball valve maintains the system's set pressure, and the pressure gauge displays the pressure level.
2. **Electrical Control System**: Mainly composed of the main circuit and control circuit. The circuit uses automatic circuit breakers, fuses, and AC contactors to provide overload, short circuit, undervoltage, and no-voltage protection for the machine motor and solenoids.
3. **Platen Balancing Mechanism**: Primarily consists of a balancing lifting rack, lifting gear, rotating shaft, and fixed rotating bearings. Two balancing racks are mounted on the machine body. The ends of the rotating shaft are fixed with lifting gears, and bearings are mounted on both ends of the rotating shaft, allowing flexible rotation. When the platen is lifted or lowered, the lifting gear meshes and rotates with the balancing racks, keeping the platen balanced during the lifting process.
4. **Platen Section**: Comprises the upper platen and lower platen. Both the upper and lower platens are welded from section bars and steel plates. The working surfaces are finely machined by large-scale gantry milling machines to ensure flatness and smoothness. The upper platen is connected to the hydraulic cylinder rod, enabling its lifting via the hydraulic cylinder. The lower platen is directly welded to the machine's base, ensuring the overall structure is secure.
